移动式管外漏磁检测信号采集处理系统(电路,PCB,Proteus仿真程序)(开题报告,论文12000字,Proteus仿真程序,原理图,PCB图)
摘 要
随着石油工业的迅速发展,通过管道运输已经成为石油、天然气等能源运输的主要方式,由于长时间的使用期,管道不可避免的会受到不同程度的腐蚀情况,进而导致管道的泄漏,这是管道运输中最常见的而且必须解决的问题,如何检测油气在管道运输过程中,管道的裂缝所在位置和裂缝的大小已经成为油气运输中迫切需要解决的问题。移动式管外泄漏信号采集处理系统,可以及时的检测管道的裂缝现象的发生,对保障油气安全运输具有重要的现实意义。本课题设计了一个的智能的管外漏磁信号处理系统,概述了漏磁信号处理的发展和基本原理,分析霍尔传感器的工作原理,在此基础上叙述了系统的理论基础,实现了霍尔采集等电路设计,同时对系统的主要参数进行了讨论。并在介绍漏磁检测信号处理系统功能的基础上,给出了系统的总体框架。论证了漏磁检测系统的采集、接收、处理、显示及采集信息的等部分的总体设计方案,采用1602液晶显示模块实现了系统的显示功能。分析了系统各部分的硬件和软件实现的可能性。采用Proteus7.8进行了可行性仿真,对软件和硬件设计进行验证。
关键词:漏磁检测;单片机;串口通讯;霍尔传感器
Abstract
Along with the rapid development of petroleum industry, through the pipeline transport has become the main way of energy such as oil, natural gas transportation, due to the long time, could the pipeline inevitably will be affected by different degree of corrosion, leading to pipeline leak, this is the most common in pipeline transportation and must solve the problem, how to detect oil and gas in the process of pipeline, pipeline of the size of the crack location and crack has become the urgent need to solve problems in oil and gas transportation Portable pipe leak signal collection and processing system, can be timely detection of pipeline fracture phenomenon, to ensure the safety of oil and gas transportation has important practical significance. This topic has designed a smart pipe leakage magnetic signal processing system, summarizes the development and basic principle of magnetic flux leakage signal processing, analyze the working principle of the hall sensor on the basis of the theoretical foundation of the system was described, implements the acquisition circuit design, such as hall and main parameters of the system are discussed. And the function of magnetic flux leakage testing signal processing system is introduced in this paper, on the basis of the overall framework of the system is introduced. Demonstrates the magnetic flux leakage testing system of collecting, receiving, processing, display and collect the information such as part of the overall design scheme of the system is realized by using 1602 liquid crystal display module display function. Analyzed the possibility of system hardware and software implementation of each part. Using Proteus7.8 simulation to verify this software and hardware design feasibility.
Keywords: magnetic flux leakage testing; single-chip microcomputer; a serial port communication; hall sensor
系统设计目标
本设计需要实现一种基于单片机的管外漏磁信号采集处理系统,系统需要实现的功能如下:
(1)实现对16路霍尔传感器输入的采集,实现漏磁检测。
(2)按键查询功能。可以通过按键实现对16路采集的查询。
(3)具备实时显示功能。可将采集的数据在LCD屏幕上进行显示。
(4)具备数据交互功能。可以通过串口将采集的数据发送给监控主机,便于数据的后期处理和远程显示。
2.3 系统基本框架
系统设计的选用8位STC89C52单片机作为主控芯片。系统设计采用模块化思想设计,本系统由单片机最小系统、传感器检测模块、LCD液晶显示模块、串口通讯模块、按键模块、电源模块和指示模块七个模块主成。
(1)单片机最小系统。是实现对输入模块的采集和输出模块的控制;
(2)传感器采集模块。用于将霍尔传感器输入的模拟信号,经过滤波电路后,换成数字信号,传送给单片机;
(3)LCD模块。用于显示采集的多路霍尔电压和系统当前的状态;
(4)电源模块。为系统各个模块提供工作电源;
(5)指示模块。用于显示采集超过了设置的上限值,提示有漏磁现象发生;
(6)按键模块。用于切换16路采集值的显示和进行上下限值的设置;
(7)串口模块。用于实现数据交互,将采集信息发给监控主机;
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1 选题背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.2.1 国外研究现状 1
1.2.2 国内研究现状 2
1.3 研究内容及结构安排 3
2系统设计方案分析 4
2.1 漏磁检测系统概述 4
2.1.1 霍尔工作原理 4
2.1.2 漏磁检测原理 4
2.2 系统设计目标 5
2.3 系统基本框架 6
3系统硬件电路设计 7
3.1 硬件总体设计 7
3.2单片机最小设计 7
3.3传感器采集电路设计 10
3.4串口通讯电路设计 12
3.5液晶显示电路设计 13
3.6按键电路设计 14
3.7 LED提示电路设计 14
3.8 电源电路设计 15
4系统软件设计 16
4.1主程序设计 16
4.2显示程序设计 17
4.3按键程序设计 22
5系统仿真 26
5.1 仿真软件介绍 26
5.2 系统仿真 26
6 结论 31
参考文献 32
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