中小企业应收账款管理问题的研究(开题报告,论文12000字)
摘 要
应收账款是企业流动资金的重要组成部分,也是企业收入中不确定的部分。如果企业应收账款积累过大且不能及时收回就会影响资金的周转和使用,会造成企业的现金流危机。因此,应收账款能否及时收回关系到企业生存和发展。
对于一个正在高效快速发展的中小型企业而言,资金就是维系企业生命的“血液”,应收账款作为企业资金管理的重要组成部分,关系企业的资金链和再生产的资金需求。因此,对缺乏管理和监控机制的中小型企业来说,如何制定正确有效的应收账款管理方案显得尤为重要。
面对高速发展的国际市场和竞争激烈的经济环境,缺乏风险防范意识的中小型企业,为了减少库存、降低存货风险、增加利润、增强企业的竞争力、扩大市场占有率,在日常活动中,盲目赊销,致使应收账款总额居高不下;另一方面,中小型企业规模小、结构简单、管理制度不健全,再加上我国的信用体系尚不完善和健全,导致应收账款的回收变得更加艰难,应收账款坏账比率过高。因此,加强应收账款管理对中小型企业提高资金使用率、减低企业经营风险具有十分重要的意义。
在金融危机的背景下,市场竞争激烈,我国的中小型企业的应收账款管理工作必须对自身的工作中存在的问题进行系统性的分析与解决,才能在本质上彻底为自身企业规避市场风险与解决自身存在的不足。本文主要对如何加强我国的中小型企业的应收账款管理工作的相关内容进行探讨分析,并为其提供良好的解决对策。
关键字:中小企业;应收账款;财务管理
The study of SMES′receivables management issue
ABSTRACT
Accounts receivable proves the paramount component in enterprises′ liquid capital and the uncertainty ingredient in enterprise’s revenue. If the enterprise accounts receivable presents excessive accumulation and could not recover in time, which will influence fund’s circulation and application and will give rise to enterprise’s currency flow crisis. Therefore, the timely recovery of accounts receivable related to the survival and development of enterprises.
For a rapid development of SMES(small and medium enterprises), capital is to keep the enterprise life "blood", accounts receivable as an important part of enterprise capital management, the relationship between enterprise funds chain and reproduction of the fund demand. Therefore, the lack of management and monitoring mechanism of SMES, how to formulate correct and effective management of accounts receivable is particularly important.
The face of the rapid development of the international market and the competitive economic environment, lack of risk prevention consciousness of SMES, in order to increase profits, enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, reduce inventory, reduce inventory risk, expand market share, in their daily activities, blind credit, resulting in total accounts receivable is high; on the other hand, SMES are small and have defective management system. With the imperfect social credit system, it is difficult to recover accounts receivable. Then the ratio of bad debts will be too high. Therefore, strengthening the management of accounts receivable financing is of great significance for SMES to improve utilization of funds and reduce the operating risk of an enterprise.
In the context of the financial crisis, market is highly competitive, small and accounts receivable management work of our country SMES must carry on the systematic analysis to the existence of their own work in the problems and solutions, to complete its enterprises to circumvent the market risk and solve their own problems in nature. This paper focuses on how to strengthen China's SMES accounts receivable management related content analysis to explore, and provide good solutions for them.
Key Words: SMES (small and medium-sized enterprise); Accounts receivable; financial management
目 录
摘 要 I
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.2 研究意义 1
1.2 相关概念的界定 2
1.2.1 中小型企业 2
1.2.2 应收账款 2
1.3研究目的 3
1.4现状研究综述 3
1.4.1国外企业应收账款管理研究现状 3
1.4.2国内企业应收账款管理研究现状 3
1.4.3中小企业应收账款管理研究现状 4
2 应收账款理论 5
2.1应收账款的成因及风险来源 5
2.1.1应收账款的成因 5
2.1.2 应收账款存在的现实问题 5
2.2应收账款管理 6
2.2.1应收账款管理的含义 6
2.2.2应收账款管理的意义 6
2.2.3应收账款管理的目标 7
2.3应收账款成本分析 7
2.3.1应收账款的功能 7
2.3.2应收账款的成本 8
3 中小企业应收账款管理存在的问题及原因分析 9
3.1中小企业应收账款管理存在的问题 9
3.1.1应收账款总额居高不下 9
3.1.2应收账款的催收不力,坏账比率过高 9
3.2中小企业应收账款管理存在的问题原因分析 10
3.2.1中小企业应收账款管理存在的问题客观原因分析 10
3.2.2中小企业应收账款管理存在的问题主观原因分析 10
4 中小企业应收账款管理对策建议 12
4.1加强我国中小企业应收账款管理的必要性 12
4.2改善我国中小企业应收账款管理的措施 12
4.2.1 强化应收账款事前管理 12
4.2.2 强化应收账款事中管理 13
4.2.3 强化应收账款事后管理 13
5 结论 14
参考文献 15
致谢 16
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