EX400型液压挖掘机液压系统设计(含CAD图)(任务书,设计说明书15000字,CAD图纸2张)
摘要
本次设计的主要履内容是挖掘机主要零件及液压系统设计。通过与其它类型挖掘机的分析比较，次种挖掘机的通用性好，应用广泛，当进入松软或沼泽地段作业时，可以通过改变其宽度和长度以及浮式履带的方式来降低接地比压。
液压式的挖掘机实现无级调速并且具有较大的调速范围，即使快速运转时也能保持较低且稳定的转速，采用的液压元件可以提高性能，实现平稳的传动，此外它容易操作。本次设计的是中小型液压挖掘机，其是斗容量0.2m3,主要设计挖掘机的工作装置、液压传动原理。
设计时，选用了履带式行走装置，来满足其作业要求。上部转台设定成全回转式，所以它可以实现大范围的作业。同时采用的液压传动控制改善了其作业的整体 性能。同机械式挖掘机比较，它的工作效率提高了2～3倍，整机的质量大约为5吨，最大卸载高度约为2.65m，挖掘力约为30kN，最大挖掘半径约为5.728m，最大挖掘深度4.2m。通过上述参数，该机的整体性能得到了很大的提高，机重减轻的同时，其作业效率较高，传动稳定，设计的结构更合理可靠。此外，以结构推理为依据，对机器的工作装置进行机构改进和创新。
关键词：液压挖掘机；挖掘机构；液压系统
Abstract
This designed topic is the marching hydraulic excavator excavational with other types excavators, this kind of type excavator used very universal that because has good through theperformance, also may use to lengthens widens as well as the floating type caterpillar band to reduce pressure for the soft ground or the bogregion.
The hydraulic excavator main characteristic is: not only can adjust s the stepless speed but also can adjust scope very big, can obtain a lower stable rotational speed, when action quickly, the hydraulic parts produce inertia small, accelerational theperformance good,and may make the high speed reverse, the transmission steady,structure simple, may absorb attacks and vibrates, the operation reduces effort, and to be easy to realize the automated control, is easy to realize the standardization, the seriation, the universalization.
This designed main parameter is scoop capacity 0.2m3, it is long to the middle and small scale hydraulic excavator, mainly design the excavator，s the work installment and the hydraulic transmission principle.
In the design, used marching walked the installment to satisfied request. Upside the turnplate is the entire rotation , thereof it may work in a greater scope. And further because uses the hydraulicsteering to enable the entire machine performance to improve. Compared with the mechanical type excavator, its excavation strength enhance to 2 ~ 3 times, the entire machine weight approximately is 5 tons,the excavation strength approximately is 30kN, the biggest unloading high approximately is 2.65m, biggest digging depth is 4.2m, the biggest excavation radius approximately is 5.728m, thus can see the entire machine work ability to have the very big improvement, not only excavation strength big, but also machine weight light, transmission steadyly, work efficiency is high, the structure is compact. Moreover, but also proposes to the excavator work installment based on the structure inference organization plan innovation design method.
Keywords： Hydraulic excavator Excavation organization Hydraulic system
本次设计斗容量为0.2m3,全液压履带式挖掘机型号为WY20型，全液压驱动，挖Ⅲ级以下土壤。
目 录
第一章 引 言 1
1.1液压挖掘机的工作特点和基本类型 1
1.2液压挖掘机的发展概况 2
1.3本次设计概述 3
1.4反铲装置的工作原理 3
第二章 总体设计方案 5
2.1工作装置设计方案原则 5
2.2液压系统设计方案原则（总体） 5
第三章 挖掘机的工作装置设计 7
3.1确定动臂、斗杆、铲斗的结构形式 7
3.2确定动臂、斗杆、铲斗油缸的铰点布置 9
3.3动臂、斗杆、铲斗机构参数的选择 11
第四章 挖掘机液压系统设计 23
4.1确定液压系统类型 23
4.2液压系统的计算和液压元件的选择 23
4.3液压系统初步计算 29
第五章 工作装置的强度计算 35
5.1斗杆的计算 35
5.2动臂的计算 42
结论 44
参考文献 46
致 谢 47
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