数字液压在挖掘机中的应用研究(含CAD图)(论文说明书15000字,CAD图4张)
摘 要
随着科学技术不断发展，工业需求也不断促进者液压行业的发展。传统的液压系统是通过液压油缸供给工作油液给发动机，从而使发动机带动液压泵进行转动，最终实现液压功能。这种液压系统过于简单，已不能满足我们对液压系统越来越高的需求。随着计算机技术日益进步，将数字技术与液压技术相结合的数字液压技术成为了未来的发展道路。数字液压技术不但可以减少人的工作量，使机器操作运转更加人性化，并且也可以增加操控的安全性。通过计算机控制，可以使机器本身对各种工作动作、工作环境进行探索，自主进行分析工况，从而进行判断、反馈，而不是全部依靠操作者手动操作控制，增加了行程准确性。
本课题主要研究数字液压技术。通过对于传统液压技术与数字液压技术的对比分析，讨论了数字液压技术的历史、国内外研究现状以及相比较传统液压技术，数字液压技术所具有的优越性。着重研究了几个目前取得广泛应用的数字液压元件：数字泵、数字缸、数字马达和数字阀。对于不同的数字液压元件的工作原理、类型以及优缺点等方面进行了分析。然后对于数字液压在挖掘机中的具体应用：动臂液压缸再生液压回路与控制系统的工作原理和优势等方面进行了研究分析。
关键词：数字液压 挖掘机 数字泵 数字缸 数字阀 动臂液压缸再生液压回路与控制系
Research on Application of digital hydraulic in excavator
Abstract
With the continuous development of science and technology, the demand of industry has promoted hydraulic industry. The traditional hydraulic system depends on the hydraulic oil cylinder to supply the engine so that the engine can rotate the hydraulic pump to work. This hydraulic system is not great enough to meet our increasing demand for hydraulic systems. With the development of computer technology, digital hydraulic technology which combines digital technology with hydraulic technology has become the guidance for moving forward. The digital hydraulic technology can not only reduce the workload of the human, make the operation of the machine more humane, and can also increase the safety of the operation. Through the computer control, the digital hydraulic technology can make the machine itself react to all kinds of behaviors, explore the conditions of working environment, independently analyze different cases. Then it will judge the condition, feedback to the operator rather than rely on manual operator’s control to work which increases the accuracy of the stroke.
This thesis mainly studies on the digital hydraulic technology. Through the comparison of the traditional hydraulic technology and digital hydraulic technology, it discusses the history of the digital hydraulic technology, research status in China and abroad and the advantages compared with traditional hydraulic technology. Several digital hydraulic components: digital pump, digital cylinder, digital motor and digital valve, are emphatically studied in this thesis. The working principle, types, the advantages and disadvantages of different hydraulic components are analyzed. Then it analyzes the concrete application of digital hydraulic pressure in excavator: the working principle and advantages of the hydraulic cylinder regeneration hydraulic cylinder and the control system has been studied in this thesis.
Keywords: digital hydraulic technology; excavator; digital pump; digital cylinder; digital valve; hydraulic cylinder regeneration hydraulic cylinder and the control system
数字液压缸的控制原理
数字液压缸是一种具有机械反馈的液压伺服机构，在外形和功能上都与传统的电液伺服作动器基本相同，但是在结构原理上却有着本质区别。基于传感器对活塞的位移、速度进行的反馈，通过调节液压油缸的流量，数字液压缸才能准确控制活塞的位移、速度和角度。
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1 本论文的背景和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 本论文的主要内容 2
1.4 本论文的研究内容 2
第2章 数字液压元件 3
2.1 数字泵 3
2.1.1数字控制的实现途径 3
2.1.2 数字泵的类型 3
2.1.3 国外研究现状 7
2.1.4国内研究现状 7
2.2 数字液压缸 7
2.2.1数字液压缸的控制原理 8
2.2.1数字液压缸的数学模型 9
2.2.3 控制软件和测试结果 11
2.3 数字液压马达 13
2.3.1数字液压马达工作原理 13
2.4数字阀 14
2.4.1数字阀的发展 14
2.4.2 增量调制 15
2.4.4脉宽调制（PDM） 15
2.4.5数字阀的类型 16
2.4.6数字阀的特点 20
第三章 数字液压缸在挖掘机中的应用 21
3．1数字液压缸在挖掘机中的应用 22
3.2数字液压缸工作原理 22
3.3液压挖掘机动臂液压缸 24
3.3.1动臂液压缸再生液压回路与控制系统 25
3.3.2 动臂液压缸再生控制的优点 26
3.4 数字液压缸特点 27
第四章 总结与展望 28
4.1 总结............................................................28
4.2 展望............................................................29
参考文献 30
致谢 32
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