PLC在七层电梯中的应用设计(19000字)
摘 要
随着微机技术的应用和固体功率器件的发展和完善，电梯控制技术已由20世纪前半叶的直流调速发展成为交流变频调速的当代技术。载货电梯作为电梯的一种，在我国，通过引进国际标准和发达国家先进产品和技术，不断发展和完善起来。
可编程控制器（PLC）作为一种工业控制微型计算机，它以其编程方便、操作简单尤其是它的高可控性等优点，在工业生产过程中得到了广泛的应用。它应用大规模集成电路，微型机技术和通讯技术的发展成果，逐步形成了具有很多种优点和系列产品，应用于从继电器控制系统到监控计算机之间的许多控制领域。
通过此次毕业设计，成功完成七层电梯的PLC控制及梯形图的认识。同时使用计算机与PLC的通讯，实现了对电梯运行状况的监视，也可实现通过计算机对电梯的间接运行控制。由此可以说明，用PLC实现楼宇间电梯的自动控制以及电梯、电梯群的远程、集中监控的安全可靠性和可行性。
关键词：可编程序控制器,电梯控制,梯形图,安全可靠性
Abstract
In the wake of utilization in computer technology and the development and improvement of solid power device,elevator controlling technology hasbecome modern technology since the first half of the 20thcentury,which isconstant current speed regulation to alternating current varying frequencyspeed regulation.As introducing international standard and advanced productsand technologies from developed countries,freight elevators as a kind ofelevators have been developed and improved in our country.
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) takes one industrial control microcomputer, it is convenient by its programming, simplicity of operator its merits and so on high controllability, obtained the widespread application particularly in the industrial production process. It applies the large scale integrated circuit, the miniature machine technology and the mechanics of communication development achievement, formed gradually had many kinds of merits and so on each kind of specification's serial products, applied to monitors between computer's many control domain from the black-white control system. Along with society's unceasing development, the building is getting higher and higher, but the elevator became the high-level building to the equipment.
In this design,seven-store freight elevators can be applied by PLC controlling and activated with variable frequency.Also,the computer communication succeeds to operate on the surveillance of the freight elevator and completes the running controlled indirectly on the computer.Therefore,it is supposed that it is feasible to use PLC to control freight elevators and focus on monitoring them between buildings
Key Words: Programmable LogicController, Lift control ,Frequency Transformer，PLC Communication，Monitoring Function
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1引言 1
1.1课题背景 1
1.2 课题的要求与内容 1
2 电梯简介 4
2.1 电梯的分类 4
2.1.1 按电梯的用途分类 4
2.1.2按驱动系统分类 4
2.2 电梯的型号 5
3可编程控制器 7
3.1 PLC概述 7
3.1.1 PLC的发展历程 7
3.1.2 PLC的构成及特点 8
3.2 PLC的工作原理 10
3.2.1建立I/O映像区 10
3.2.2 循环扫描的工作方式 10
4 电梯PLC控制系统设计 13
4.1 硬件系统设计 13
4.1.1 电梯控制系统的组成 13
4.1.3 电梯的电气线路 14
4.2 软件的设计 16
4.2.1 PLC的选型与I/O定义 17
4.2.2 PLC的外部电路连接 21
4.2.3 电梯的PLC控制程序设计 21
5 检验电梯的安全性和可靠性 35
5.1 电梯的安全性 35
5.2 电梯的可靠性 36
总结与展望 37
致 谢 38
参 考 文 献 39
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