五节芒对重金属铅污染的修复行为研究

五节芒对重金属铅污染的修复行为研究(8200字)

    摘  要：重金属铅污染是主要土壤污染类型之一。论文旨在通过盆栽试验研究经历不同污染强度与污染时间胁迫的芒草( Miscanthus sinensis) 对重金属的Pb耐性特征以及吸附能力,初步揭示五节芒对重金属铅的耐性特征与土壤重金属含量的关系。结果表明, 五节芒根茎叶对铅的积累顺序为:根> 叶> 茎;同时，在酸性条件下,芒草对Pb的吸收率随pH 值升高而升高；结合五节芒对这种重金属的积累状况判断,强度胁迫下的五节芒可能已发生耐性分化,从而产生较其它种群更强的耐重金属特性。以上结果说明,五节芒是一种重金属铅的耐性植物。研究结果可能为受铅污染的土壤修复提供一种新的修复植物。
关键词：五节芒；重金属污染；土壤理化性质；铅；耐性植物

Research on remediation behavior of Miscanthus floridulus to lead pollution soil
    Abstract:Lead pollution is the main type of soil pollution.The objective of this study was to experience different pollution intensity and pollution stress of Miscanthus sinensis populations of heavy metal tolerance to Pb characteristics and adsorption condition, preliminary announced grass to heavy metal lead tolerance characteristics and content of soil heavy metals in relationship. The results showed that,1grass root stem and leaf on lead accumulation order is: root > leaf > stem; at the same time, under acidic conditions, grass on the absorption rate of Pb increased with the pH rising; combined with various groups on the accumulation of heavy metals in judgment, strength under the stress of the population may have occurred and sexual differentiation compared with other populations, thereby generating more resistant characteristics of heavy metals in. The above results indicated, Miscanthus floridulus is a heavy metal lead tolerance in plants. On the lead pollution soil remediation research is of great significance.
    Keyword:Miscanthus floridulus; heavy metal pollution; soil physical and chemical properties; lead; tolerance in plants
 

目    录
摘  要    1
关键词    1
1  前言    2
 1.1  土壤中重金属铅的污染及危害    2
  1.1.1  土壤中铅污染现状    2
  1.1.2  土壤中重金属铅对植物生长的影响和危害    3
  1.1.3  土壤中重金属铅对人体的危害    3
 1.2  土壤中重金属铅的修复技术与方法    3
 1.3  五节芒的生理特性及国内外研究进展    4
  1.3.1  五节芒的生理特性    4
  1.3.2  国内外研究进展    4
2  实验材料与方法    5
 2.1  实验材料    5
  2.1.1  供试土壤    5
  2.1.2  供试植物    6
 2.2  实验方法    6
  2.2.1  PH的测定    6
  2.2.2  有机质的测定    6
  2.2.3  铅含量的测定    7
  2.2.4  铅有效态的测定    7
  2.2.5  植物体内重金属铅的测定    7
 2.3  仪器与试剂    8
3  实验结果与分析    8
 3.1  PH的变化对五节芒吸附铅的影响    8
 3.2  五节芒对土壤中重金属铅的固定    9
  3.2.1  植物体内铅含量在不同浓度梯度影响下随月份的变化    9
  3.2.2  植物中各部位铅累积量的变化    10
4  结论    11
参考文献    11
致    谢    13