镉在不同水稻品种中的积累与分布研究

摘  要：选取10种水稻进行大田试验，研究不同水稻品种对Cd的积累特征及其动态分布规律。结果表明，成熟期水稻不同部位积累Cd的规律为根系>茎叶>稻壳>糙米。常规稻根系Cd含量在幼苗期最低，分蘖期最高，而杂交稻生长周期小于120天的水稻根系Cd含量最大值出现在分蘖期，生长周期大于120天的水稻根系Cd含量最大值出现在成熟期，水稻茎叶Cd含量呈先升高后降低再升高的趋势，成熟期达到最高值。不同品种水稻糙米内Cd的含量范围为0.21-1.53 mg•kg-1 ，均接近或超过国家粮食卫生标准（0.2 mg•kg-1），糙米中Cd含量相对较低的常规稻和杂交稻分别为湘早籼42和T优705。
关键词：水稻；Cd；积累；动态分布；稻田；糙米

STUDY ON THE ACCUMULATION AND DITRIBUTION OF CADMIUMIN IN DIFFERENT RICE VARIETLES
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted to investigate the accumulation characteristics and dynamic distribution of Cd in ten genotypes of rice from Hunan market. The results showed that the Cd concentration in various plant parts was in the order of root> leaf and stem >husk>brown rice；the Cd concentration in root of conventional rice was lowest at seeding stage, and reached peak at tillering stage, the Cd concentration in root of hybrid rice whose growth time less than 120 days was highest at tillering stage, while those whose growth time more than 120 days reached maximum at mature stage, the tendency of Cd concentration in leaf and stem was rising at first, then decreasing, and increasing up to a peak at mature stage. When Cd concentration in the soil was 2.66mg•kg-1, the Cd concentrations in brown rice were in a range of 0.21-1.53 mg•kg-1, which all close to or went beyond the limit of the food health standards (0.2 mg•kg-1), the Cd content of brown rice is relatively low in conventional rice and hybrid rice were Xiang Zao-xian 42 and T-you 705.
Key words: Rice; Cd; Accumulation; Dynamic distribution; Paddy; Brown rice

目    录       10000字
摘  要    1
关键词    1
1  前言    2
1.1  镉污染概况    2
1.2  镉的来源与危害    3
1.3  土壤镉污染的治理方法    4
1.3.1  生物化学治理方法    4
1.3.2  工程农业治理方法    5
2  试验材料与方法    5
2.1  仪器和设备    5
2.2  药品与试剂    6
2.3  供试土壤准备    6
2.4  供试品种    6
2.5  试验设计    7
2.5.1  小区分布    7
2.6  样品处理与分析    8
2.6.1  土壤样品：    8
2.6.2  植株样品    8
2.6.3  分析方法    8
2.7  测定方法    8
2.7.1  基本原理    8
2.7.2  仪器条件    8
2.7.3  测定步骤    9
2.7.4  数据统计    9
3    实验结果与分析    9
3.1  水稻不同生长时期积累Cd的动态变化    9
3.2  水稻不同部位积累Cd的差异    11
3.3  糙米与水稻不同部位Cd含量的线性回归分析    12
4  结论    13
参考文献    13