数据库的发展、应用和基本原理

数据库的发展、应用和基本原理(中文2700字,英文1300字)
随着社会的发展，人类的生产、生活越来越离不开信息。谁拥有了更多更有效的信息，谁就将在竞争中处于有利地位。信息产业正在成为一个国家的支柱。数据作为信息的载体，其管理工具数据库对于信息技术的重要性正日益得到人们的重视。只有拥有了先进的数据库技术，才能有效地管理好浩如烟海的数据，并从中提取出对自己有用的信息来加以使用。
从60年代末开始，数据库系统已经过了30多年的历程，经历了两代的演变。第一代数据库系统是层次与网络的数据库系统，第二代数据库系统是关系数据库系统。30年来，人们主要致力于第二代数据库系统的理论研究和系统开发，并取得了辉煌的成就。完善关系理论的确立正标志着关系数据库系统理论日趋完善。商品化的DB2，INGRES，ORACLS，SYBASE，SQL SERVER等关系数据库的出现标志着关系数据库系统已经接近顶峰。第一代和第二代数据库系统的设计目标源于商业事务处理。多年来，这两代数据库系统主要用于银行，飞机定票等处理业务。从80年代至今，随着计算机应用领域的迅速扩大，人们不断地探索着新一代的数据库系统的理论、技术和方法。

THE DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS AND BASIC PRINCIPLES OF DATABASE
Along with the social development,humans’ production and daily life is increasingly inseparable from the information.Whoever has more effective information will be in a stronger competitive position.The information industry is becoming the backboneof a country.Data,as an information carrier,is gaining increasing attention by people because of its importance of its management tool database to the information technology.Only we own advanced database technology can we manage a array of data effectively,and extract useful information to use.
From the late 1960s,the database system has been developed during 30 years,two generations of evolution.The first-generation database system is level with the network database system.The second-generation database system is related database system.During 30 years,people mainly devoted themselves to theoretical research and system development of the second-generation database system and gained great achievements..The first and second-generation database system are designed from commercial transaction processing.Over these years,these two generations of database system is mainly used for banking,the aircraft booking tickets and so on.From the 1980s, We are always exploring the theories, technologies and methods of next generation of database systems.