为遥感图像解析的智能教学系统2
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附件1:外文资料翻译译文 为遥感图像解析的智能教学系统 学生模型 一旦学生完成一项任务, 他的能力就会在学生模型里得到更新。学生模型使用学生技能等级结构来代表知识。在最初阶段, 模型记录学生熟练的示范性子任务(e.g 学生可以增加测量专栏吗?).在子任务上的熟练程度可以看出他在父任务上的熟练程度。(e.g学生可以记录最大值为堆吗?) 繁殖规例追寻标准的贝叶斯网络。换句话说, 老师能其根据理解子任务的水平推断出理解父任务的水平。 学生模型在写作工具层建立以后被描述。组成学生模型的技能是全球性的或具体的。一些技能是对几乎所有图象加工(譬如工作与查寻表), 并且是定义的核心技能的一部分,并且系统可以利用。其它具体技能(譬如热带植被动力学) 根据老师的需要进行添加。 我们当前正在研究开发一个集中化网数据库处理和规范化学生模型组件的可能性, 以便他们能够和解说员分享。除学生的当前的能力之外, 学生模型还保留学生以前的通过能力和回答问题。在课程的结束, 学生模型会对学生做一个最后的评估。他们会被存盘, 可由辅导员查询。 教育计划者 教育计划者从专家的模型读出课程数据并配合从学生模型中得来的数据来确定什么内容应该在下一个教育过程中被提出。例如, 如果下个课程要求学生向图象应用地图投影, 计划者将检查学生的熟练水平。如果学生不太了解为地图投影的概念, 计划者将对这个课程提供详细的指导。或者,如果学生想自己完成的话,它将提供有限的教育信息和教导。另外,上课期间,一个好的讲解者会在继续之前问学生问题以保证学生充分地领会知识。 如果学生不能正确的回答问题, 计划者会对学生感到有问题的地方提供更多的信息。 总之, 为地球科学讲解的页对页的流程已经被教育家很好的定义了; 但是, 老师会经常监测学生模型看是否有附加指令需要被插入。 附件2、外文原文(复印件) An Intelligent Tutoring System for Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation Student Model Once the student completes a task, his/her new ability is updated in the Student Model. The Student Model represents knowledge using a hierarchical structure of student skills. At the most granular level, the model records the student's proficiency in demonstrative subtasks (e.g. can the student add measurement columns?). The proficiency in the subtasks propagates upwards to a calculated proficiency in a parent task(e.g. can the student record the max value for a stack?) The propagation routine follows the behavior of a standard Bayesian network. In other words, an author can specify the parameter probabilities that imply the level of understanding for a parent task based on the level of understanding for a subtask. The Student Model hierarchy is built using the Authoring Tool described later. Skills that make up the Student Model are either global or tutorial-specific. Some skills are universal to almost all image processing activities (such as a working with the lookup table), and are part of the core skills defined and available in EarthTutor. Other specific skills (such as tropical vegetation dynamics) can be added as needed by an author. We are currently investigating the possibility of developing a centralized web database to manage and standardize Student Model components, so that they can be shared between tutorials. In addition to the student's current abilities, the Student Model keeps a history of the student's past abilities and answers to questions. At the end of a lesson, the Student Model performs a final assessment of the student. The history as well as assessment are stored to disk and can be requested by an instructor. Instructional Planner |