液压支架的发展与前瞻2(中文5000字,英文3900字)
[关键词] 液压支架; 控制; 智能化
1 液压支架发展概述
液压支架是以高压液体为动力,由若干个液压元件(油缸、阀件)与一些金属构件组合而成的一种支撑和控制顶板的采煤工作面设备。具有强度高、移动速度快、支护性能好、安全可靠等特性。自20世纪50年代以来,液压支架已逐步成为采煤工作面核心设备,世界上主要产煤国家投入了大量的人力物力和财力对其进行研究开发。目前,以液压支架为主体的支护趋于成熟,世界上已生产制造出数百种架型和上万种型号的液压支架,以适应各类煤层开采支护需要。上世纪60年代,我国也曾开发了10余种液压支架,由于种种原因未得到推广应用,液压支架处于研制、实验阶段;70年代先后从英国、德国、波兰、前苏联等主要产煤国家引进数10余套液压支架。经不断的探索、使用、消化和总结,制造出各种类型的支架,它是国产液压支架发展的起点; 80年代液压支架研发处于创新提高阶段,相继开发出30余种新架型,制造出ZZ系列、XY系列、ZD系列等不同规格,并广泛用于国有大中型煤矿,取得良好的经济效益; 90年代特种液压支架的研制获得迅速发展,机械化铺网支架、水砂充填支架、端头支架、强力支架、放顶煤支架等相继问世;本世纪随着计算机技术、自动化技术的普及与应用,液压支架的控制获得突破性进展,逐步向程序控制、数字控制、遥控和自动化控制迈进。
The hydraulic pressure support development with first gazes
[ Key word ] hydraulic pressure support; Control; Intellectualization
1 hydraulic pressure supports development
The hydraulic pressure support is take the high-pressured liquid as a power, by certain hydraulic pressure part (cylinder, pipe accessory) one kind of strut and the control roof mining coal working surface equipment which becomes with some steel work combinations. Has the intensity high, the travelling speed quick, support the performance good, safe is reliable and so on the characteristic. Since the 20th century 50's, the hydraulic pressure support has gradually become the mining coal working surface core equipment, in the world mainly produced the coal country to invest the massive manpower physical resource and the financial resource carries on the research development to it. At present, support tends to take the hydraulic pressure support as the main body maturely, in the world has produced makes several hundred kind of frames and the up to ten thousand kind of models hydraulic pressure support, meets each kind of coal bed mining support need. On the century 60's, our country once has also developed 10 kind of hydraulic pressure supports, because all sorts of reasons have not obtained the promoted application, the hydraulic pressure support is in the development, the experimental stage; The 70's successively from England, Germany, Poland, former Soviet Union and so on mainly produce the coal country to introduce several 10 sets of hydraulic pressure supports. |
