可钻性预测：地质影响在坚硬的岩石上钻孔

译文题目:  可钻性预测：地质影响在坚硬的岩石上钻孔(中文2900字,英文1700字,英文PDF)
摘要：调查之前通常考虑的主要隧道项目问题是预测隧道稳定。在过去常规钻爆隧道几年中，在坚硬的岩石上准确预测可钻还是一个未解决的问题。钻的性能不仅是由磨损的工具和设备决定，也由钻井速度决定，这些是取得挖掘工程进展的标准因素。估计预测岩石可钻性的条件可能承受很大的成本风险。因此，改进预测钻井速度和减少磨损将是可取的。岩体的可钻性是由各种地质力学和机械参数决定的。在相关报告的一些重大细节如岩石性质特别是地质因素与实测磨损和钻井速度显示出来。
钻井速度依赖于大量的地质参数：这些主要参数包括拔节岩体，方向理（岩石各向异性）一定程度的连锁的微结构，孔隙度和质量的胶结碎屑岩，一定程度的热液分解和风化岩体。钻头磨损随相等的石英内容增大而增大，相当于石英内所含之物决定了材料的磨损量。针对各类岩石类型不同关系着检测相当于石英内容。砂岩少量磨损还依赖于孔隙率或质量胶结。最后，调查程序提出，这有助于改善在规划未来的隧道项目的岩钻。
关键词  钻 钻井 钻头 磨损率 销毁工作 各向异性 联合间距 石英所含之物 孔隙

外文原文
Drillability prediction: geological influences in hard rock drill and blast tunneling
Abstract Usually the main subject in preliminary site investigations prior to tunnelling projects is the prediction of tunnel stability. During the past years in conventional drill and blast tunnelling, problems have
occurred also connected to the accurate prediction of drillability in hard rock. The drillability is not only decisive for the wear of tools and equipment but is —along with the drilling velocity — a standard factor for the progress of excavation works. The estimation of
drillability in predicted rock conditions might bear an extensive risk of costs. Therefore, an improved prediction of drilling velocity and bit wear would be desireable. The drillability of a rock mass is determined by various geological and mechanical parameters. In this report some major correlations of speciÞc rock properties and especially geological factors with measured bit wear and drilling velocity are shown. Drilling velocity is dependent on a lot of geological parameters: Those principal parameters include jointing of rock mass, orientation of schistosity (rock anisotropy),degree of interlocking of microstructures,porosity and quality of cementation of clastic rock,degree of hydrothermal decomposition and weathering of a rock mass. Drilling bit wear increases with the equivalent quartz content. The equivalent quartz content builds the main property for the content of wearrelevant
minerals. For various groups of rock types di¤erent connections with the equivalent quartz content could be detected. In sandstone bit wear is also dependent on porosity or the quality of the cementation. Finally, an investigation program is submitted,which helps to improve the estimation of rock drillability in planning future tunnel projects.
Key words Drillability• Drilling rate •Bit wear•Destruction work• Anisotropy •Joint spacing•Equivalent quartz content • Porosity