重庆银行农业微型企业贷款业务研究(硕士)(论文26000字)
Research on Agricultural Microenterprise loan business of Chongqing Bank
摘 要
随着我国农业现代化进程的不断推进，传统农业向现代农业转型，出现了一个规模庞大的农业微型企业群体。融资难一直是伴随广大农业微型企业发展的问题，而作为社会主要融资渠道的商业银行目前针对农业微型企业所推出的贷款业务极少，商业银行的主要重心及业务范围还是以城市为中心，向规模较大，盈利能力好，经营稳定的大中企业发放贷款，而农业微型企业的贷款投放比重在商业银行中占比极低，银行融资对农业微型企业的发展并没有发挥出相应的作用。
目前国内学术界普遍认为，信用评估体系及担保体系的不完善是农业微型企业融资难问题的关键。但就重庆银行近年来公司贷款业务发展的情况来看，微型企业贷款业务发展良好，而农业微型企业贷款业务发展缓慢，说明除了上述原因外，还有其他原因制约着银行农业微型企业贷款业务的发展。本文通过对重庆银行公司贷款业务的开展情况进行了研究，探讨了重庆银行拓展农业微企贷款业务所面临的困难与原因。
本文认为，企业贷款尤其是微型企业贷款业务是典型依赖线下渠道开展的业务，现阶段以商业银行业为代表的金融行业，向城市与工商业集中而远离农村与农业，造成其在农村地区的线下渠道不足，是农业微型企业向银行融资难的主要原因。
本文进而提出，金融行业在物理空间上向城市集中而远离农村的趋势，在短期内很难有逆转的内在动力。通过构建新型的业务渠道，将农业微型企业的融资市场与商业银行建立连接，填补两者在物理空间上的鸿沟，是解决农业微型企业融资难问题的一种思路。
关键词: 农业微型企业;重庆银行;贷款业务
Abstract
With the continuous advancement of agricultural modernization in China, traditional agriculture has transformed into modern agriculture, and a large group of agricultural micro-enterprises has emerged. Financing difficulties has been accompanied by the general agricultural microenterprise development problems, and as a social main financing channels of commercial Banks at present in view of the agricultural micro enterprise loan business launched by few, the main focus and scope of business of commercial Banks is still in the city as the center, to the larger scale, profitability, stability of large and medium-sized enterprises loans, and agricultural microenterprise lending proportion accounted for in the commercial bank is extremely low, bank financing for agricultural microenterprises and did not play the corresponding role in the development.
At present, the academia generally believe that the imperfection of the credit evaluation system and the guarantee system is the key to the financing difficulties of microenterprises. But through the research on the enterprise loan business of Bank of Chongqing in recent years, we could find out that the agricultural microenterprise loan business grew slowly while the microenterprise loan business grew quickly. It suggests that there are other reasons beside those above. In this paper, the author discusses the difficulties and reasons of the Bank of Chongqing to expand the loan business of the agricultural microenterprises.
In this paper, it is pointed out that the enterprise loan business, especially the microenterprise loan business, typically relies on the offline channel of commercial banks. At present, the financial industry represented by commercial banks focus on the city and the industry and commerce, and tends to stay away from the countryside and agriculture. Therefore their offline channel in the countryside have been weakened and become insufficient. And the author proposed that this is the main reason of the difficulty of financing for agricultural microenterprise.
Then the paper proposes, by constructing some new type of business channels, establishing a connection between the agricultural micro enterprise financing market and commercial banks, filling the physical space gap between them, is a certain way to solve the financing problem of agricultural microenterprises.
Keywords: agricultural microenterprise; Bank of Chongqing ; loan business
目 录
1.导 论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究意义 2
1.3 文献综述 2
1.4 研究内容 5
1.5研究方法 5
1.6 创新与不足 6
2.概念界定与理论基础 6
2.1概念界定 6
2.1.1微型企业及农业微型企业 6
2.1.3政策性创业扶持贷款 9
2.2理论基础 9
2.2.1 信息不对称理论（Asymmetric Information theory） 10
2.2.2 道德风险（Moral Hazard） 10
2.2.3 信号传递模型（Signaling Model） 11
3重庆银行农业微型企业贷款业务发展概况 12
3.1 重庆银行基本情况 12
3.1.1整体规模的发展 12
3.1.2业务发展状况 12
3.1.3涉足农业微型企业贷款业务 13
3.2重庆银行农业微企贷款业务发展情况 15
4．重庆银行农业微型企业贷款业务存在的问题与原因分析 18
4.1政策性扶持贷款业务“微企通”概况 18
4.1.1 微企通业务简介及其特点 18
4.1.2 微企通业务发展情况 19
4.1.3 微企通业务对重庆银行公司贷款业务的影响 21
4.1.4 微企通业务的政策效果 23
4.2专项担保型贷款业务“农保贷” 25
4.2.1 农保贷业务简介及其特点 25
4.2.2 农保贷业务流程 26
4.2.3 农保贷业务发展情况 27
4.3 新型微企贷款业务“好企贷” 29
5.结论与建议 33
5.1 结论 33
5.1.1现阶段商业银行业的发展程度与我国农业现代化的程度不匹配 33
5.1.2现阶段我国金融系统向城镇集中而与农村产生巨大鸿沟 33
5.1.3重庆银行农业微型企业贷款产品发挥着积极的作用 34
5.2建议 34
5.2.1加大农业微型企业的贷款渠道，结合互联网模式 34
5.2.2创新银行金融产品，丰富农业微型企业的金融服务 35
参考文献 36
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