绍兴市宜居村庄建设中的质量问题与提升路径研究(硕士)(论文29000字)
-以越城区坝内村为例
摘 要
习总书记在党的十八大上首次提出了“美丽乡村”和“宜居村庄”建设的伟大构想，这体现出了党和国家对我国乡村和村庄建设的重视，“宜居村庄”的构想标志着国家对农村工作的新思路，也是广大农村人口对未来生活的无限憧憬。我国是传统的农业耕作国家,农业从业人口比例大、总数多，农业人口的稳定代表着国家的安全与稳定，农业人口生存环境的改善，能够最大限度提升全民幸福指数，因此，“宜居村庄”是在我国经济发展不断取得伟大成绩的同时,切实提出的构筑未来美好农村生活的新蓝图。但是，我国的“宜居村庄”尚处于不断摸索前进的初期，现代社会经济社会快速进步，各类社会问题和矛盾也在不断凸显，在这样的大背景下，如何研究好“宜居村庄”建设，为广大农村人口建设美好幸福的新家园，从而普遍提升农村居民的生活质量是当前最为重要的课题之一。
浙江省绍兴市越城区，为绍兴市中心城区，绍兴市政府所在地，商贸流通繁荣。越城区地势以平原为主，有四条江河流过，流经区内；浙东运河，以东西向分别贯穿区境南北部。境内河道纵横，水网密布。区境南部，有零星土丘分布。全区境内属亚热带季风气候区，气候温暖，雨水较多，冬天没有严寒、夏天没有酷暑，年平均气温大概在17度左右,每年降水总量在1500mm左右。本文以绍兴市越城区坝内村为研究对象，在文献资料的证明和走访调查的基础上，探讨宜居村庄建设的潜力和发展空间,把坝内村作为研究单元和研究个体，与其他周边村庄进行适度的比较，对现有的村庄未来能力释放空间、规划设计、产权变革等进行了深入的研究。为今后该地区吸引外地投资者的目光、调动村民劳动创业积极性打下基础。本文从绍兴市越城区坝内村现有实际和存在的问题出发，采用了调查问卷分析、参考资料分析、案例分析的方法，研究当前宜居村庄实际操作中存在的问题，并结合当地实际，总结过去的经验和优秀做法，为宜居村庄在坝内村的实施提供一些合理意见。
关键词：新农村；宜居村庄；美丽乡村；农民增收；幸福指数
THE ANALYSES OF THE QUALITY ISSUES AND PROMOTION SOLUTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF LIVABLE VILLAGES IN SHAO XING CITY-ILLUSTRATED BY THE CASE OF BA NEI VILLAGE IN YUE CHENG DISTRICT
ABSTRACT
In the 18th CPC National Congress, the general secretary Xi put forward the great concept of "beautiful countryside" and "livable village" for the first time, which embodies that the Party and the Country attaches great importance to the construction of rural areas and villages in China. The concept of "livable village" indicates that the Country’s new way of thinking towards rural work, and also reflects the infinite longing the vast number of the rural population have towards the future life. Our country is a traditional agricultural country with huge agricultural population, the stability of the agricultural population represents the security and stability of the country, improvement of the living environment of the agricultural population, enhancement of the national happiness index to the greatest extent. So"livable village" reflects that China's economic development has made great achievements, at the same time, has built a new blueprint for a better future of rural life. However, China's "livable village" is still in the early stage needing continuous exploration, under the premise of rapid economic development, various problems and contradictions. Under such background, how to study the "livable village" construction, how to build a happy and new home for the majority of the rural population, so as to improve the life quality in rural area becomes one of the most important issues at this moment.
Yue Cheng District of Shaoxing, Zhejing Province, is the center urban areas of Shaoxing, and the seat of the municipal government. The terrain is most plains, with four rivers flowing through; the Eastern Zhejiang canal runs through the north and south of the area. The territory covers fully with rivers and water network. The southern part of the area covers with small mount of hills. The region is in the subtropical monsoon climate zone, warm climate, constantly rain, no bitter cold in winter, no intense heat in summer, the annual average temperature is about 17 degrees, the annual total precipitation is about 1500mm. This paper takes Banei village in Yuecheng District, Shaoxing as the research object, discusses the potential and development space of the construction of “livable village” on the basis of the proof of the literature and the investigation, putting the Banei village as the research unit and the research individual, comparing with other surrounding villages, the existing village future ability to release space, planning and design, property rights reform in-depth study. For the purpose of attracting outlander investors and of motivating the enthusiasm of the villagers to start their own business. Based on the present situation and existing problems in Banei village, this paper uses the methods of questionnaire analysis, reference analysis and case analysis to discuss the existing problem in the practical operation of “livable villages”, combining with local reality, learning from the past experience and excellent practices, so as to provide some reasonable advice for the implementation of construction of livable village in Banei village.
KEY WORDS: new countryside; livable village; beautiful countryside; agricultural modernization; happiness index.
目 录 I
摘 要 V
ABSTRACT VI
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及研究意义 1
（1）理论意义 2
（2）实际意义 2
1.2 国内外研究综述 3
1.2.1国外研究现状 3
1.2.2国内研究现状 4
（1）关于建设美丽中国的研究 4
（2）关于建设美丽乡村的研究 4
（3）关于建设宜居村庄的研究 5
1.3 研究内容、框架及方法 5
1.3.1研究内容 5
可能存在的问题： 6
1.3.2技术路线 7
1.3.3研究方法 7
1.4研究对象概况 8
第二章 基本概念及理论基础 9
2.1 宜居村庄的涵义及其建设意义 9
2.1.1 宜居村庄的涵义 9
2.1.2建设宜居村庄的现实意义 10
2.2 建设宜居村庄的理论基础 10
2.2.1可持续发展理论 10
2.2.2马克思关于人与自然和谐的思想观 11
2.2.3社会主义新农村建设理论 11
2.2.4多中心治理理论 12
第三章 绍兴市越城区坝内村宜居村庄的建设概况 13
3.1 绍兴市越城区坝内村建设现状 13
3.1.1 美丽宜居村庄参与主体及行动 13
3.1.2当前建设成果 13
3.2 绍兴市宜居村庄建设过程中存在的问题 14
3.2.1 老年人口众多，村民生活质量不高 14
3.2.1.1留守老人孤立无助 14
3.2.1.2留守儿童问题严重 14
3.2.2 土地闲置严重，农业发展水平有限 15
3.2.3环境卫生脏差，房屋安全保障不够 15
3.2.4乡村特色与文化流失 15
3.3绍兴市宜居村庄建设存在问题的原因分析 16
3.3.1经济水平落后，年轻劳力外流 16
3.3.1.1大量青年外流到城市 16
3.3.1.2农村老年人口思想意识传统 16
3.3.2农业收入低下，生产方式传统 17
3.3.3基础服务设施建设不到位，安全卫生意识缺乏 17
3.3.3.1政府部门资金匮乏 17
3.3.3.2农民综合素质不高 17
3.3.3.3农村传统习俗需要改进 18
3.3.4集约型现代建筑成主流 18
第四章 优化绍兴市宜居村庄建设政策及其意义 19
4.1 绍兴市宜居村庄建设政策的优化路径 19
4.1.1明确发展规划，提高经济水平 19
4.1.2健全基层组织，维护村民利益 19
4.1.3完善资金来源，扩大参与范围 20
4.1.4以人为本，提升村民参与度 20
4.1.4.1提升农村居民法律常识 20
4.1.4.2调动农村居民积极性 20
4.1.4.3鼓励农村居民学习农业知识 21
4.2 推进绍兴市宜居村庄建设政策优化的意义 21
4.2.1提高宜居村庄的推广能力 21
4.2.2提高政策执行者的工作行动能力 21
4.2.3有利于相关政策的完善 22
4.2.3.1组建新型村镇企业 22
4.2.3.2鼓励村民积极创业 23
4.2.3.3倡导企业承担社会责任 23
4.2.4营造宜居村庄建设的良好社会氛围 24
4.2.4.1吸引优秀外出人员回城 24
4.2.4.2激发当地村民建设家乡热情 24
第五章 总结及展望 26
5.1总结 26
5.2展望 26
参考文献 27
致 辞 31
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