论文题目:火灾监测及报警系统在地下矿井系统中的应用研究(硕士)(论文42000字)
英文题目:Fire detection and alarm system in the underground system application research
摘 要
火灾监控及报警系统是一款综合自动化产品,在矿井消防系统有很重要的应用,有异常情况时及时检测及时报警,提示人们紧急撤离,在实现稳定生产的同时保障了安全。
(1)收集整理国内外火灾监控报警系统发展现状,深入了解火灾发生事故,找出火灾发生原因,识别主要的火灾危险源,找出监测规律。
(2)介绍火灾探测器的系统组成及探测原理,通过不同探测器的选型实验比较,得出散射式光电感烟探测器在灵敏度及烟色识别方面有着明显的优势;通过气溶胶发生器实验模拟测试烟雾火灾探测器性能得出不同流速且多变的环境情况下,具有可靠地适用性能;通过光电导探测器脉冲响应特性法和幅频特性法测定光敏电阻和光电二极管响应时间,分析实验数据计算得出极短的探测响应时间7.8ms,证实了感烟探测器在矿井等开采领域技术有效性。
(3)感温探测器也有着独自的应用领域和自身优势,以光纤温度检测为例重点剖析矿井监测应用原理,介绍了分布式传光、传感光纤温度监测系统的构成应用,实现硬件搭接和软件实现功能构成矿井网络温度监控系统,其应用前景也是今后研究的主要方向。
(4)火灾监测及报警系统在矿井中主要实现了如下功能:监控预报、连锁执行、安全疏散、减灾灭火、工作协调等功能,在今后的矿井生产中其应用和地位不可替代。
关键词:报警监控;感烟;感温;可靠性;有效性
Abstract
Fire monitoring and alarm system is a comprehensive automation products, has very important application in mine fire control system, when there is abnormal situation timely detection alarm in time, prompt people emergency evacuation, the stability and guarantee the safety of production.
(1) collect fire monitoring alarm system development present situation at home and abroad, in-depth knowledge of fire accident, identify the reasons of the fire, to identify the main fire hazards, to identify monitoring are studied.
(2) to introduce the system composing of fire detector and the detection principle, through the selection of different detectors experiment comparison, it is concluded that the scattering type photoelectric smoke detector has obvious advantages in sensitivity and smoked recognition;Testing smoke fire detector performance through aerosol generator simulation case, it is concluded that different flow rate and variable environment have applicable performance in a reliable way;Through the photoconductive detector pulse response and amplitude frequency characteristics method determination of photosensitive resistance and photodiode response time, analysis of experimental data calculated detection of very short response time of 7.8 ms, confirmed a smoke detector in the mining area, such as mine technical effectiveness.
(3) the thermal detector has alone application fields and advantages of optical fiber temperature testing, for example it analyzes mine monitoring application principle, this paper introduces the distributed light, the composition of the sensing optical fiber temperature monitoring system application, realize the hardware lap and software realization function form mine network temperature monitoring system, its application prospect is also the main direction of future research.
(4) the fire detection and alarm system mainly realizes the following functions: in the mine monitoring and prediction, chain execution, fire safety evacuation, and mitigation, work coordination function, its application in the future of the mine production and status can not be replaced.
Key words: Alarm monitoring; Smoke; Heat; Reliability; effectiveness
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 引言 1
1.1 选题背景 1
1.2 研究意义 2
1.3 国内外研究现状 3
1.3 .1国内研究现状 3
1.3 .2国外研究现状 5
1.4 技术研究路线 7
2 矿井火灾研究概况 9
2.1 矿井火灾监控系统特点 9
2.2矿井火灾形成原因 10
2.2.1可燃性气体引起的火灾 10
2.2.2粉尘引起的火灾 10
2.2.3空间特性引起的火灾 11
2.3 矿井火灾烟气流动及特性 12
2.4 矿井火灾早期识别 13
2.4.1 矿井内因火灾早期识别 13
2.4.2 矿井火灾后果评价 15
3火灾自动报警系统研究 16
3.1火灾探测器及其系统组成 16
3.1.1火灾的主要物理特征 16
3.1.2 火灾探测器算法 17
3.1.3 火灾探测器类型 18
3.1.3.1 感温火灾特测器 19
3.1.3.2感烟式火灾探测器 19
3.1.3.3感光式火灾探测器 20
3.1.3.4可燃气体火灾探测器 20
3.2火灾探测器选型与实验比较 21
3.3火灾探测器可靠性分析和实验研究 25
3.3.1火灾探测器可靠性分析 25
3.3.2火灾探测器测试环境多样性实验研究 25
3.3.2.1 distribution特性的气溶胶粒子大小改进试验 26
3.3.2.2 改进气溶胶发生器计划试验 26
3.3.2.3 气溶胶流的粒径分布特征的标准 27
3.3.2.4 检测管内气溶胶流量分布特征 28
3.3.2.5 测试分布特征的粒子在各支路流量实验 29
3.3.3气溶胶改进试验结果和讨论 30
3.4探测技术有效性分析 30
3.4.1探测器适用性分析 30
3.4.2探测器的响应性能 31
3.4.3探测器探测能力 32
3.4.4探测器响应时间的实验研究 33
3.5火灾探测器性能分析 40
4 矿井光纤温度检测报警系统研究 43
4.1 光纤传感器基本构成及原理 43
4.2光纤传感器特点 44
4.3 光纤传感器在矿井气体检测方面的应用 44
4.4 分布式光纤温度预警系统 47
4.4.1传光型光纤监测系统 48
4.4.2 传感型光纤监测系统 49
4.5 光纤温度传感技术在矿井中的应用 50
4.5.1 分布式光纤温度工作原理 51
4.5.2 矿井温度网络空间的实现 52
4.5.2.1 硬件组合 52
4.5.2.2软件功能实现 54
4.5.3发展前景 55
5矿井火灾报警及监测系统功能实现 56
5.1矿井火灾报警及监测系统预报功能的实现 56
5.2救灾预案自动生成及自动执行功能的实现 57
5.3 指导矿井人员安全疏散功能的实现 57
5.4 矿井火灾防灭火及调用其它减灾设备功能的实现 58
5.5 组织多系统协调工作功能的实现 59
6结论与展望 61
参 考 文 献 62
致 谢 67 |