流量为1500kg/h四管程固定管板式换热器的设计(含CAD零件装配图)(设计说明书12200字,CAD图纸11张)
摘要
换热器又被叫热量交换器，是一种把热流体的热量传递给冷流体的设备，并且实现化工生产过程中热量的交换和传递不可缺少的设备，在工厂中具有重要的意义。换热器可以是一种单独的设备，例如加热器、冷却器和凝汽器等等；也可是工艺设备的组成部分，比如石化、煤炭工业中的余热回收装置等等。换热器是两种温度不同的物料在一个设备内相互交换热量，最终达到将物料冷却，或者将冷物料加热为目的的设备。常见的热交换器是:浮头式换热器,固定管板式换热器,填料函式换热器、u型管换热器,线圈热交换器,单引号和双壳程换热器管式热交换器和管式热交换器和导流管式热交换器,折流栅换热器,热管换热器,换热器插管,滑动管板式换热器,等。本换热器是蒸汽冷凝器在成产中是非常常见的设备，该换热器有耐高压的优点、价格低廉、清洗方便不宜结垢的优点。
壳程的设计任务描述二甲胺的给定条件中,温度为49.96℃,0.9 MPa开始冷凝,其流量为1500kg/h。管内的介质是水,冷却水温上升从一开始的33℃到43℃,压力在0.6 MPa。完成了压降计算,强度计算,钢筋,短管箱部分壁厚计算、等强度设计,强度设计依据圆柱,头部和检查,根据入口连接的流量和出口喷嘴直径的选择上,打开加筋法的基础上平等面积配筋计算。法兰的设计,管板扩展,根据弹性支持假说的管板设计和检查,管板与换热管连接焊接、棒和管板螺纹连接结构。与此同时,鞍的卧式容器检查。
本设计充分利用材料,更多的场合。在同一换热器的热交换器是非常便宜和安全。因此,换热器在工厂中占有重要地位。
关键字: 固定管板; 换热器; 不同物料; 热交换 ； 补强
Abstract
Heat exchanger called heat exchanger again, it is a kind of the thermal fluid heat transfer to cold fluid equipment, and realize the heat exchange and transmission in the process of chemical production indispensable equipment, has the vital significance in the factory. Heat exchanger can be a single device, such as a heater, cooler and steam condenser, etc. But also part of the process equipment, such as waste heat recovery unit in petrochemical industry, coal industry, and so on. Temperature heat exchanger are two different materials in a heat exchanging equipment, eventually achieve the material cooling, or heating equipment for the purpose of cold material. Common heat exchanger is: of floating head heat exchanger, fixed tube plate heat exchanger, stuffing box type heat exchanger, the u tube heat exchanger, heat exchanger coil, single and double shell side heat exchanger tube heat exchanger and tube heat exchanger and diversion tube heat exchanger, the rod baffle heat exchanger, heat pipe heat exchanger, heat exchanger, intubation sliding tube plate heat exchanger, etc. This heat exchanger is steam condenser is very common in into during equipment, the heat exchanger has the advantages of resistance to high pressure, low cost, convenient cleaning is unfavorable and scale advantages.
Shell side of the design task description of dimethylamine in given conditions, the temperature is 49.96 ℃, 0.9 MPa began condensation, the flow rate of 1500 kg/h. Tube medium is water, cooling water temperature rise from the beginning of 43 ℃ to 33 ℃, pressure is 0.6 MPa. Completed the pressure drop calculation, strength calculation, reinforcement, short tube box part of wall thickness calculation, strength design, strength design based on cylindrical, head and checking, according to the flow rate of inlet connection and the choice of outlet nozzle diameter, opening reinforcement method on the basis of equal area reinforcement calculation. The design of the flange, tubesheet extended, according to the elastic support hypothesis tube plate design and inspection, tube plate connected to the heat exchange tube, rod and tube sheet welding structure of threaded connection. At the same time, the saddle horizontal vessel inspection.
This design make full use of the material, more occasions. At the same heat exchanger heat exchanger is very cheap and safe. Therefore, the heat exchanger occupies an important position in the factory.
Key words: Fixed tube sheet； Heat exchanger； Different materials； Reinforcing
目 录
第一章 固定管板式换热器设计方案的选择 1
1.1换热器类型的选定 1
1.2 本文研究的内容 2
1.3换热器换热方式的选择 3
1.4流体进出口温度的确定 3
1.5换热器材料的选择 3
第二章 固定管板式换热器的工艺计算 4
2.1换热器的工艺参数 4
2.2换热器的物性参数 4
2.3换热器的设计温度 4
2.4换热器的工艺结构设计 5
2.4.1换热器传热面积的估算 5
2.4.2管径、管内流速及传热管数 6
2.4.3平局传热温差校正及壳程数 6
2.4.4壳体内径 7
2.4.5折流板 7
2.5换热器核算 7
2.5.1壳程表面传热系数 7
2.5.2管内表面传热系数 8
2.5.3污垢热阻和管壁热阻 8
2.5.4传热系数 8
2.5.5 压降校核 9
2.6换热器主要结构尺寸和计算结果 11
第三章 结构设计 12
3.1 壳体、管箱壳体和封头的设计 12
3.1.1 壁厚的确定 12
3.1.2 管箱壳体壁厚的确定 13
3.1.3 标准椭圆封头的设计 14
3.2 管板与换热管设计 15
3.2.1 管板 15
3.3 进出口设计 17
3.3.1 接管的设计 17
3.3.2 接管外伸长度 17
3.3.3 排气、排液管 17
3.3.4 接管最小位置 18
3.4 折流板或支持板 20
3.4.1 折流板尺寸 20
3.4.2 折流板和折流板孔径 20
3.4.3 折流板的布置 21
3.4.4 折流板质量计算 21
3.5 防冲挡板 22
3.6 拉杆与定距管 22
3.6.1 拉杆的结构和尺寸 22
3.6.2 拉杆的位置 24
3.6.3 定距管尺寸 24
3.7 鞍座选用及安装位置确定 24
第四章 强度计算 25
4.1 壳体、管箱壳体和封头校核 25
4.1.1 壳体体校核 25
4.1.2 管箱壳体校核 25
4.1.3 椭圆封头校核 26
4.2 接管开孔补强 27
4.2.1 蒸汽进出口开孔补强 27
4.2.2 管箱冷却水接管补强的校核 29
4.3 膨胀节 31
4.3.1 膨胀节 31
4.3.2 膨胀节计算 31
4.4 管板校核 33
4.4.1 结构尺寸参数 33
4.4.2 各元件材料及其设计数据 34
4.4.3 管子许用应力 36
4.4.4 结构参数计算 36
4.4.5 法兰力矩 37
4.4.6 管子加强系数 39
4.4.7 旋转刚度无量纲参数 39
第五章 结论 42
参考文献 43
致谢 44
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