芡欧鼠尾草引种适应性的研究

芡欧鼠尾草引种适应性的研究(11600字)
摘 要： 芡欧鼠尾草（Salvia hispanica L.）英文名chia，本课题组2006年自美国引进。本论文阐述了chia 在湖南长沙的引种情况以及主要栽培管理技术，与美国原种农艺性状进行了比较，并阐明了其在中国巨大的经济潜力。通过在长沙地区的引种实验表明：芡欧鼠尾草适应长沙亚热带季风性湿润气候，生长期在200d左右，发芽的最适温度为25℃，播种基质最适pH为6.5~7.0，是一种严格的短日植物，长日照有利于芡欧鼠尾草营养生长，短日照有利于生殖生长，病虫害少，大田亩产16千克左右。
关键词：芡欧鼠尾草；引种适应性；农艺性状
 
Studies on introduction adaptation of Salvia hispanica L.
Abstract: Salvia hispanica L. is also called chia, it is introduced from America to Changsha in 2006. The introduction adaptation and the technique of cultivation of Salvia hispanica L. in ChangSha was described in this paper, the yield characters were compared with those of control varieties from America, and the economic potential in Chinese market of chia was also described. The introduction experiment in Changsha shows that: Salvia hispanica L. adapts to subtropical monsoon humid climate of Changsha, the whole growth period of it is about 200d, the optimum geminating temperature of chia is 25 ℃, and the optimum planting matrix pH is 6.5 ~7.0, Salvia hispanica L. is strictly a kind of short-day plant, long day is beneficial to the vegetative growth, however, short day is beneficial to the reproductive growth, with litter disease and insect injury, and the production per mu is 16 kilogram.
Key words: Salvia hispanica L.; introduction adaptation; agronomic character

目    录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………1
关键词…………………………………………………………………………………1
1 前言…………………………………………………………………………………2
1.1芡欧鼠尾草研究现状……………………………………………………………2
        1.1.1 国外研究进展………………………………………………………2
        1.1.2 国内研究进展………………………………………………………3
    1.2 生物学性状…………………………………………………………………3
2试验材料与方法……………………………………………………………………4
    2.1试验地点概况………………………………………………………………4
    2.2试验材料……………………………………………………………………4
    2.3试验设计……………………………………………………………………4
    2.4试验方法……………………………………………………………………4
3栽培与管理…………………………………………………………………………5
    3.1繁殖…………………………………………………………………………5
    3.2育苗技术……………………………………………………………………5
    3.3 种植前准备………………………………………………………………5
        3.3.1苗床准备……………………………………………………………5
        3.3.2 大田准备……………………………………………………………6
3.4播种…………………………………………………………………………6
        3.4.1芡欧鼠尾草发芽试验………………………………………………6
    3.4.2喷施多效唑…………………………………………………………7
3.5中期管理……………………………………………………………………8
        3.5.1合理密植……………………………………………………………8
        3.5.2中耕…………………………………………………………………8
3.5.3抗旱排渍……………………………………………………………8
4病虫害诊断与防治…………………………………………………………………8
    4.1杂草防治措施…………………………………………………………………8
    4.2病毒病…………………………………………………………………………9
        4.2.1症状与危害…………………………………………………………9
        4.2.2病原………………………………………………………………9
        4.2.3发病特点……………………………………………………………9
        4.2.4防治方法…………………………………………………………9
    4.3瘁倒病……………………………………………………………………10
        4.3.1症状与危害………………………………………………………10
        4.3.2病原………………………………………………………………10
        4.3.3发病特点…………………………………………………………10
        4.3.4防治方法…………………………………………………………10
    4.4其他病虫害………………………………………………………………10
        4.4.1蚂蚁的防治………………………………………………………10
        4.4.2稻飞虱的防治……………………………………………………11
        4.4.3土蚕的防治………………………………………………………11
5结果与分析………………………………………………………………………11
5.1生物学性状表现与比较…………………………………………………11
    5.2 植物学性状表现与比较…………………………………………………11
5.3种子性状表现与比较……………………………………………………12
    5.4各月降雨气温对生长影响………………………………………………12
6讨论………………………………………………………………………………13
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………13
致谢………………………………………………………………………………14