钻井过程中井液防漏堵漏技术

钻井过程中井液防漏堵漏技术(论文9500字)
摘要
井漏是钻井工程中常见的井内复杂情况，多数钻井过程都有不同程度的漏失。严重的井漏会导致井内压力下降，影响正常钻井、引起井壁失稳、诱发地层流体涌入井筒并井喷。
井漏的原因通常是井筒内液柱压力大于地层压力；地层孔隙大、渗透性好、存在溶洞、裂隙等。
钻井措施不当也会引发井漏，如开泵过猛、下钻速度过快引起压力激动压漏地层。井漏的处理措施：
1.对井下压力系统和地层比较复杂的井只能采取堵漏的办法进行处理；
2.而对于井下压力系统单一、地层结构强度较大的井则可以采用降低钻井液密度的办法处理。
在钻井现场一般对付井漏应以预防为主，尽可能避免因人为的失误而发生井漏。在钻井施工前，要尽量将地层压力资料收集齐全，在钻井过程中，凡是可以预防井漏的工作都要尽量提前做好。
【关键词】井漏  堵漏  技术

ABSTRACT
   Well loss is complicated conditions common in well drilling engineering, the majority of the drilling process has a different degree of leakage. Serious leak will result in borehole pressure drop, affect the normal drilling, wellbore instability induced by the formation fluid into the wellbore, and blowout.
Often the cause of leakage is fluid column pressure in the wellbore is higher than the formation pressure; pore, good permeability, existent cave, fissure.
Drilling inappropriate measures will lead to leakage, such as a pump too much, the drilling speed too fast causing pressure excited pressure leakage formation. Treatment of leakage:
1 pairs of downhole pressure system and the formation of complex well only by plugging method;
2 for the downhole pressure system, large structural strength formation of single well can be used to reduce the density of drilling fluid approach.
In the drilling field generally deal with well leakage should be based on prevention, as far as possible to avoid man-made error and wells. In the drilling construction, to minimize the formation pressure data collection is complete, in the drilling process, which can prevent leakage of work should try to do.

[Key Words] Well leakage plugging technology


目录
ABSTRACT    I
第1章  井漏的危害    1
1.1什么是井漏    1
1.2井漏造成的后果    1
1.3漏失种类和处理办法    2
第2章井漏的预防    4
2.1 选用合理的钻井液密度与类型，实现近平衡钻井    4
2.2 降低钻井液环空压耗和激动压力    4
2.3 提高地层承压能力    4
第3章 井漏的处理    6
3.1 处理井漏的规程    6
3.2 处理井漏常用方法    6
3.2.1调整钻井液性能与钻井措施    6
3.2.2静止堵漏    7
3.2.3桥接材料堵漏法    8
3.2.4柴油膨润土浆堵漏法    9
3.2.5水泥堵漏    10
3.2.6强行钻进套管封隔漏层    11
3.3 复合堵漏剂    11
3.3.1随钻堵漏快    12
3.3.2静堵见效快    12
3.3.3推广价值高    13
参考文献    14