偏远山区公交运营优化设计(任务书,开题报告,论文22000字)
摘 要
随着国民经济的快速发展，城市建设规模的不断增大，城市交通的拥堵变得越来越严重，居民的出行变得更加不方便，加大城市公交发展对解决交通拥堵问题有着重要的影响。尤其是在交通工具不断发展、交通设施不断更新的背景下，根据城市交通特点进行合理的公交运营模式优化设计，对城市整体交通发展有明显的提升作用。在交通运行上，公交运营模式的优化可以减少城市交通拥挤，缩短居民出行时间；在经济成本上，公交运营模式优化可以减少公交运营成本，增加公交经济效益。
现阶段对于公交运营模式的优化研究几乎都是集中在大型城市，对于中小城市以及偏远山区的调查研究数量很少。偏远山区地处偏远、交通基础设施建设落后、道路条件较差，其公交特点与城市截然不同，因此目前针对山区公交运营的研究存在大量的空白。可是地处偏远山区的城乡镇县是我国重要的行政组成，占有我国行政区域的大部分区域。对偏远山区进行优化设计，提高其公交运行效率对于我国经济发展有着十分重要的作用。
本文首先对国内外典型城市的公交运营模式作了介绍，然后列举我国部分地处偏远的城镇的公交现状，对比其公交运营模式，为偏远山区公交运营模式优化思路做出了一些总结。最后以罗田县为对象进行优化设计，为罗田县的公交运营模式提出改进意见，以希望能够为偏远山区的公交运营模式优化提供参考。
关键字：公交运营模式；优化设计；偏远山区
Abstract
With the rapid development of national economy and the increasing scale of urban construction, urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious with citizens’ travel more inconvenient. The urban public transport development has an important influence to solve the problem of traffic congestion. Especially, with the background of transportation development and traffic facilities continuously updated , the public transport operation mode optimization design, based on the characteristics of the city, is reasonable and has obvious effect to the whole city traffic. On the one side, public transport operation mode optimization can reduce urban traffic congestion and shorten the residents travel time; On the the other side, the operation mode optimization can reduce the operating costs and increase economic benefits of traffic.
Until now, researches on public transport operation mode optimization are almost concentrated on big cities. And there is a lack of investigations of the small and medium-sized cities and remote mountain. The remote mountainous areas, which is far from the center city with backward transport infrastructure and poor road conditions are different from the big city, so the studies are so poor on mountain bus operation. Township located in the remote mountainous area is an important administrative unit of our country, which occupies most of the regional administrative areas in China. Making optimization designs of remote mountainous areas and improving the public transport efficiency have very important effects on our country’s economic.
Firstly, this paper make an introduce on the domestic and foreign typical urban transport operation mode, and then some remote mountainous areas are listed to make conclusion on the operation mode of the public transportation improvement. Finally, the Luotian County is regarded as the object for optimization design and proposing suggestions for improvement, in order to provide the reference for the optimization of the operating model of public transportation in remote mountainous areas.
Key words: Bus operation mode; Optimization design; Remote mountainous area
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 目的及意义 1
1.1.1目的及意义 1
1.1.2国内外研究现状 2
1.1.3研究中存在的问题 4
1.2 基本内容和技术方案 4
1.2.1 研究目标 4
1.2.2 研究内容 4
1.2.3 技术方案 5
第2章 国内外公交运营模式分析 6
2.1国外公交运营模式 6
2.1.1英国伦敦 6
2.1.2芬兰赫尔辛基 6
2.2国内大城市公交公交运营模式 7
2.2.1广州公交模式 7
2.2.2香港公交模式特征分析 7
2.2.3北京公交模式 7
2.2.4深圳公交模式 8
2.3国内外公交运营模式的分析比较 8
第3章 偏远山区公交运营模式分析 10
3.1偏远山区概述 10
3.2偏远山区公交运营模式实例 10
3.2.1宁海县公交运营模式——股份制模式 10
3.2.2开化县公交运营模式——混合制模式 11
3.3居民出行特征分析 11
第4章 罗田县公共交通现状及评价 13
4.1罗田县公共交通发展现状 13
4.2罗田县公共交通主要问题及分析 15
第5章 罗田县公交运营模式改革方案 17
5.1罗田县公交运营模式的适应性分析 17
5.2股份制模式改革方案 18
5.2.1股份制模式及参股方案 18
5.2.2分配方案 19
5.2.3 股东收入分配方案 20
5.2.4经济效益分析 20
5.3混合制模式改革方案 22
5.3.1可行性分析 22
5.3.2混合制模式优化方案 22
5.3.3分区经营方案 23
5.3.4经济效益分析 24
5.4方案对比 25
第6章 总结与展望 26
6.1总结 26
6.2研究不足与展望 26
参考文献 27
致 谢 29 |
